Equality between women and men is a universal principle recognized in various international human rights conventions and agreements, notably the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations on 18 December 1979 and ratified by Spain in 1983 .

The Spanish Constitution of 1978 enshrines this fundamental right in its article 14, by proclaiming the right to equality and non-discrimination on the basis of sex. Likewise, article 9.2 imposes on the public authorities the responsibility of promoting the necessary conditions for the equality of individuals and groups.

Organic Law 3/2007 has been, and continues to be, or a fundamental pillar in the promotion of real equality between women and men in Spain. The law is based on the principle of positive action, establishing obligations for companies and public administrations, promoting co-responsibility and combating discrimination and sexual harassment. It also emphasizes gender mainstreaming in all public policies, consolidating real and effective equality as a pillar of the democratic state.